Why is my cat breathing fast? Rapid breathing in cats (and when to take action)

Updated 13/06/2024

It can be concerning for a pet parent or sitter to find their cat breathing fast. While it's common for cats to have a different breathing rate depending on factors like age, activity level, and environment, rapid breathing in cats shouldn’t be taken lightly.

So, if you’re wondering “why is my cat breathing fast”, this article explores how fast should a cat breathe and when to take action if you notice your cat fast breathing.

Recognizing rapid breathing in cats

Before we delve into the reasons why you may notice your cat breathing hard and fast, it’s important to recognize the signs to know how to respond.

How fast do cats breathe?

The normal breathing rate for cats that are healthy is between 15 to 30 times per minute, with variations based on factors like age and activity. A breathing rate of any more than this is a sign of rapid breathing. 

If you notice your precious fur baby consistently breathing at a rate outside this range or displaying signs of distress, it's time to delve deeper into the potential causes.

How do you check a cat's breathing rate?

Ideally, your cat should be lying down comfortably. Count their breaths by observing the rise and fall of their chest or by placing your hand lightly on their chest. Count the number of breaths your cat takes within one minute. One breath is counted as one inhalation and one exhalation.

How do I know if my cat has breathing problems?

Observe your kitty and watch their behavior for any telltale signs of a potential breathing problem. If you find your cat breathing fast, it could be a sign of a serious condition that may need urgent medical attention, such as asthma or pneumonia. 

However, if you notice your cat breathing fast but otherwise normal, the increased breathing could simply be to do with exercise or other less worrying factors. It’s essential to look at the context, age, and known health conditions of your kitty. If you’re in any way concerned that your cat is breathing fast, we strongly recommend a vet visit.

It’s also important to look at other symptoms that may indicate that your cat has breathing problems. Some common indicators that may suggest your cat is experiencing respiratory distress are:

• Labored breathing: if your cat appears to be breathing with difficulty or is making extra effort to breathe.
• Noisy breathing: wheezing, coughing, or any other unusual sounds while breathing.
• Open-mouth breathing: cats typically breathe through their nose, so if you notice your cat breathing with an open mouth, it could signal respiratory distress.
• Changes in breathing rate or pattern: any significant changes such as rapid breathing, irregular breathing, or prolonged periods of panting.
• Blueness can indicate a lack of oxygen in the blood. Check the color of your cat, particularly in the gums and tongue, for any signs of blue, white, or greyness.
• Lethargy or weakness can be a symptom of respiratory issues in cats due to decreased oxygen intake.
• Loss of appetite: if you notice your cat breathing fast and not eating or having a reduced appetite.
• Collapse: if your cat is struggling to get up and move around this can be a sign that their breathing difficulties are preventing them from normal activity.

Why is my cat breathing fast?

Understanding the common triggers for rapid breathing in your kitty is essential for early intervention. Certain conditions linked to rapid breathing need immediate attention to prevent further complications. Here are some common reasons of why do cats breathe fast:

Stress and anxiety

Cats can be sensitive creatures and stress or anxiety can show itself in many different ways, including rapid breathing breathing and open-mouth breathing. Changes in their environment, new pets, car journeys, or loud noises can contribute to heightened stress levels.

Over-exertion and play

Intense play sessions or excessive physical activity can lead to rapid breathing. While this is generally harmless, it’s important to keep an eye on your cat's recovery time after play.

Respiratory conditions

Allergies and asthma aren’t exclusive to humans; cats can also suffer from these respiratory conditions. Identifying and managing these conditions promptly is key to your cat's well-being.

Heart conditions

Heart-related issues can result in rapid breathing. These can range from heart defects to heart diseases. Heart failure can lead to fluid accumulation in the lungs, causing difficulty breathing. It's important to recognize the signs early and get your cat to the vet as soon as possible for the best possible chance at recovery.

Pneumonia

Pneumonia, often caused by bacterial or viral infections, can lead to rapid breathing. Again, it’s important to act quickly and seek the advice of your vet to prevent the spread of infection.

Pulmonary edema

Rapid breathing can also be a sign of fluid accumulation in the lungs, also known as pulmonary edema. It’s a serious condition that will require swift veterinary intervention.

Recommended article: Why is my cat panting?

When to see a vet

If you find your feline friend is persistently breathing fast, especially if accompanied by other worrying symptoms, it's important to consult with a vet. They can help identify the root causes and determine the most effective course of action.

However, if you notice that your cat’s rapid breathing is serious, for example, they’re having difficulty breathing, are turning blue, white, or grey in certain areas, have eaten something they shouldn’t, or have gone unconscious, don’t delay - take your cat to an emergency vet or pet hospital right away. 

Immediate actions and first aid

If your cat’s rapid breathing isn’t an emergency but is still worthy of a visit to the vet, there are ways to reduce your cat's symptoms before they can be seen by a professional. Depending on the issue, creating a calm environment, offering comfort, and minimizing stressors can contribute to stabilizing your cat's condition, or at least prevent things from getting any worse. 

If you fear your cat’s rapid breathing is an emergency, for example, if you see your cat struggling to breathe, take your cat to the vet or emergency pet hospital right away and phone ahead so they can prepare for your arrival. Place them in a pet carrier box and keep your cat as calm and comfortable as possible during the journey. Make sure the car is cool, with a little fresh air as overheating can make things worse.

If, for any reason, you're unable to take your cat to the vet or you're unsure on whether it is an emergency, we recommend ringing an emergency vet who will be able to advise you on the best next steps and, if needed, how you can stabilize your cat at home.

Recommended Reading: What to do in a pet emergency 

Treating and managing rapid breathing in cats

Once a diagnosis has been established, your vet will be able to recommend a suitable course of treatment for your poor kitty. This may involve simple changes that you can do at home or prescribing medication.

Home care and adjustments

Your vet may advise the following techniques to reduce your kitty’s fast breathing:

• Stress reduction such as interactive play and safe spaces, can significantly improve your cat's mental well-being. Calming supplements and pheromones can contribute to a calm environment at home.
• Regular exercise and playtime management not only contribute to physical health but also aid stress management.
• Air quality improvement: addressing factors like dust, smoke, or allergens can improve overall respiratory health. Consider air purifiers and proper ventilation to create a cleaner environment. For some conditions, steam and humidifiers can loosen mucus and make nasal breathing easier. Scented diffusers and candles may need to be removed as they can exacerbate symptoms for some cats.
• Regular vet check-ups are key to monitoring your cat's progress, adjusting treatment plans if necessary, and ensuring optimal respiratory health.

Professional treatments for rapid breathing

Depending on your kitty’s diagnosis, your vet may prescribe other professional treatments to solve or reduce your cat’s rapid breathing. Be sure to only administer treatments advised by your vet after a consultation.

• Oxygen therapy for cats experiencing severe respiratory distress may be administered to ensure adequate oxygen levels.
• Prescribed medications such as antibiotics or steroids, may be necessary to address specific underlying causes.
• Surgery may be recommended in extreme cases to address structural issues contributing to rapid breathing.
• Draining of fluid from the chest.
• Imaging such as x-rays and ultrasound may be needed to diagnose the underlying cause.

Remember, only your vet will be able to provide you with the right advice and treatment for your feline friend. If you have any concerns whatsoever about your cat’s breathing, be sure to seek their advice right away.

Meet our veterinary expert, Holly

This article has been checked by veterinarian Holly Anne Hills BVM BVS BVMedSci. After graduating from the University of Nottingham, Holly spent two years working as a farm animal vet. She then spent some time traveling and volunteering in India, working at neutering clinics and with injured street dogs. Holly now works in small animal practice, and balances this with writing, volunteering with the comms team at Vet Sustain, and she is also a marine mammal medic!

Understanding the reasons behind your cat's rapid breathing and quick action is the best way to ensure your furry friend’s well-being. Always consult with your veterinarian for personalized advice tailored to your cat's specific needs. As a member of TrustedHousesitters, you can call our 24/7 Vet Advice Line if you’re ever worried about your fur companion’s health.