How to treat canine allergies effectively

Is your four-pawed pal itching, sneezing, or scratching like there’s no tomorrow? They might have allergies! Whether you’re a pet parent who’s worried about your pooch pal or a responsible dog sitter who wants to be prepared, this guide will help you understand how to treat canine allergies effectively.

Key takeaways

• Take your dog to the vet for diagnosis if you notice any symptoms of allergies.
• Allergy treatment for dogs is dependent on the type of allergy and the severity of the reaction.
• The best cure for dog allergies is to avoid them altogether – although we know that’s easier said than done!

What is a dog allergy?

Just like us, dogs can have overactive immune systems that throw a fit when they encounter certain allergens. Whether it’s something in their food or a plant outside, it’s important to take your pup to the vet to pinpoint what’s triggering those uncomfortable reactions.

Symptoms of allergies in dogs

Symptoms of pet allergies vary depending on the trigger. However, here are some of the most common allergy symptoms to look out for:

• Itchy skin (especially the paws and belly)
• Itchy ears and eyes
• Red, inflamed skin
• Hives (small raised bumps)
• Sneezing, coughing, or wheezing
• Vomiting and diarrhea
• Ear and eye infections
• Compulsive paw licking
• Swelling of the face, lips, or eyelids

If you spot any of these symptoms, it’s time for a visit to the vet. Your vet will likely conduct allergy testing (including skin and blood tests) to find the cause of your pup’s discomfort, allergy, or otherwise.

Common canine allergies

Food allergies

Food allergies can cause gastrointestinal issues, itchy skin and paws, or even severe reactions like swelling and anaphylaxis. Unlike some allergies, these can develop at almost any stage of life. Common culprits include:

• Beef
• Lamb
• Chicken
• Fish
• Dairy products
• Eggs
• Soy
• Wheat
• Medications

Environmental allergies

Seasonal allergies are common and can cause atopic dermatitis and itching around the face, paws, and underarms, as well as respiratory problems. Common environmental allergens include:

• Pollen (from trees, grasses, and weeds) 
• House dust mites
• Mold 
• Mildew and fungus
• Animal dander

Contact allergies

When your pooch pal physically touches something that doesn’t agree with them, it can cause itchy skin, especially around the feet and belly. The itching usually stops once the allergen is removed, but be sure to watch for any secondary infections caused by broken skin. Common irritants include:

• Flea bites and saliva (causing flea allergy dermatitis)
• Other insect bites (spiders, mosquitos, etc.)
• Cleaning products
• Pesticides
• Synthetic fibers (in bedding or carpets)
• Certain plants
• Medications

Inhalant allergens

These can cause respiratory issues such as coughing or sneezing. Common airborne allergens include:

• Smoke
• Perfumes
• Airborne chemicals

How to treat canine allergies

When it comes to treating allergies in dogs, it all depends on the cause and the severity of the reaction. That’s why it’s so important to speak to your vet about how to treat allergies in dogs – they can provide the most accurate guidance based on your pup’s situation. Here’s an overview of the most common treatments and cures for dog allergies your vet might recommend:

• Anti-inflammatory drugs like antihistamines and corticosteroids can be used to block the allergic reaction and reduce itching. Treating dog allergies, especially seasonal ones, might involve giving medications like these ahead of time to prevent flare-ups.
• Anti-itch medications can soothe skin irritation.
• Hypoallergenic shampoos help to remove allergens and soothe your pup’s itchy skin. Look for ones made specifically for dogs, especially those with ingredients like oatmeal to moisturize and calm the skin. 
• Give your dog a wipe down with a moist cloth or special wipes after being outside.  
• Treat them for fleas if flea allergy dermatitis (FAD) is the issue.
• An elimination diet (usually 12 weeks long) can be used to identify food allergens.
• Fish oil and Omega-3 fatty acid supplements can improve your dog’s response to treatments and help keep their skin and coat healthy.
• Avoid the allergen where possible, e.g. avoid walking your dog through fields when seasonal allergies are in full swing.
• Desensitization therapy may be suggested for severe allergies. This involves administering small amounts of the allergen under the tongue over a period of time to help build tolerance in your dog’s immune system. 
• Antibiotics may be needed if your pooch pal has scratched or bitten the skin raw, causing a secondary skin infection.

Anaphylactic shock

Though rare, anaphylactic shock is a serious, potentially life-threatening reaction that requires immediate veterinary attention. If your pup is having trouble breathing, has collapsed, or is showing signs of severe swelling, take them to the vet immediately. Your vet will administer epinephrine, antihistamines, and supportive care to stabilize your dog. 

Considerations for pet sitters

If you’re looking after a pooch with allergies, here are a few things to keep in mind: 

• Always follow the pet parent’s instructions when administering allergy medication.
• If you suspect allergies are flaring up, contact the pet parents or local vet right away.
• In emergencies (such as anaphylaxis), don’t hesitate – call an emergency vet immediately.
• Remember, if you can’t get through to the regular vet, our Standard and Premium Sitter Plans include access to a 24/7 vet advice line which you can call at any point during your sit.

Learning how to treat a dog’s allergies can take some trial and error, but with the right canine allergy treatment plan, your pup will be back to their happy, itch-free self in no time!