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How to treat canine allergies effectively

TrustedHousesitters blog Author - Sophie Reeve
Sophie Reeve
21 October 20245 min read
A dog sneezing from canine allergies. This article has been checked by a vet.

Updated 02/01/2025

Is your four-pawed pal itching, sneezing, or scratching like there’s no tomorrow? They might have allergies! Whether you’re a pet parent who’s worried about your pooch pal or a responsible dog sitter who wants to be prepared, this guide will help you understand how to treat canine allergies effectively.

Key takeaways

  • Take your dog to the vet for diagnosis if you notice any symptoms of allergies.
  • Allergy treatment for dogs is dependent on the type of allergy and the severity of the reaction.
  • The best cure for dog allergies is to avoid them altogether – although we know that’s easier said than done!

What is a dog allergy?

Just like us, dogs can have overactive immune systems that throw a fit when they encounter certain allergens. Whether it’s something in their food or a plant outside, it’s important to take your pup to the vet to pinpoint what’s triggering those uncomfortable reactions.

Symptoms of allergies in dogs

Symptoms of pet allergies vary depending on the trigger. However, here are some of the most common allergy symptoms to look out for:

  • Itchy skin (especially the paws and belly)
  • Itchy ears and eyes
  • Red, inflamed skin
  • Hives (small raised bumps)
  • Sneezing, coughing, or wheezing
  • Vomiting and diarrhea
  • Ear and eye infections
  • Compulsive paw licking
  • Swelling of the face, lips, or eyelids

If you spot any of these symptoms, it’s time for a visit to the vet. Your vet will likely discuss allergy testing (including skin and blood tests) to find the cause of your pup’s discomfort, allergy, or otherwise.

Common canine allergies

Food allergies

Food allergies can cause gastrointestinal issues, itchy skin and paws, or, more rarely, severe reactions like swelling and anaphylaxis. Unlike some allergies, these can develop at almost any stage of life. Common culprits include:

  • Beef
  • Lamb
  • Chicken
  • Fish
  • Dairy products
  • Eggs
  • Soy
  • Wheat

Environmental allergies

Seasonal allergies are common and can cause atopic dermatitis. This results in itching around the face, paws, and underarms, some dogs may also have respiratory signs. Common environmental allergens include:

  • Pollen (from trees, grasses, and weeds) 
  • House dust mites
  • Mold 
  • Flea saliva (bites cause flea allergic dermatitis)
  • Animal dander

Other irritants 

When your pooch pal physically touches something that doesn’t agree with them, it can cause itchy skin, especially around the feet and belly. The itching usually stops once the trigger is removed, but be sure to watch for any secondary infections caused by broken skin. Common irritants include:

  • Insect bites or stings (wasps, bees, spiders, mosquitos, etc.)
  • Cleaning products
  • Pesticides
  • Synthetic fibers (in bedding or carpets)
  • Certain plants
  • Medications

Inhaled irritants

These can cause respiratory issues such as coughing or sneezing. Common airborne irritants  include:

  • Smoke
  • Traffic pollution 
  • Perfumes
  • Airborne chemicals

How to treat canine allergies

When it comes to treating allergies in dogs, it all depends on the cause and the severity of the reaction. That’s why it’s so important to speak to your vet about how to treat allergies in dogs – they can provide the most accurate guidance based on your pup’s situation. Here’s an overview of the most common treatments and cures for dog allergies your vet might recommend:

  • Anti-inflammatory drugs like antihistamines and corticosteroids can be used to reduce itching. Treating dog allergies, especially seasonal ones, might involve giving medications like these ahead of time to prevent flare-ups.
  • Anti-itch medications can soothe skin irritation.
  • Hypoallergenic shampoos help to remove allergens from your dog’s coat and soothe your pup’s itchy skin. Look for ones made specifically for dogs, especially those with ingredients like oatmeal to moisturize and calm the skin. 
  • Give your dog a wipe down with a moist cloth or special wipes after being outside to remove pollen.  
  • Treat them for fleas regularly to avoid flea allergy dermatitis (FAD). 
  • An elimination diet (usually 12 weeks long) can be used to identify food allergens.
  • Fish oil and Omega-3 fatty acid supplements can improve your dog’s response to treatments and help keep their skin and coat healthy.
  • Avoid the allergen where possible, e.g. avoid walking your dog through fields when seasonal allergies are in full swing.
  • Desensitization therapy may be suggested for environmental allergies. This involves administering small amounts of the allergen by injection over a period of time to help build tolerance in your dog’s immune system. 
  • Antibiotics may be needed if your pooch pal has scratched or bitten the skin raw, causing a secondary skin infection.

Anaphylactic shock

Though rare, anaphylactic shock is a serious, potentially life-threatening reaction that requires immediate veterinary attention. If your pup is having trouble breathing, has collapsed, or is showing signs of severe swelling, take them to the vet immediately. Your vet will administer epinephrine, antihistamines, and supportive care to stabilize your dog. 

Considerations for pet sitters

If you’re looking after a pooch with allergies, here are a few things to keep in mind: 

  • Always follow the pet parent’s instructions when administering allergy medication.
  • If you suspect allergies are flaring up, contact the pet parents or local vet right away.
  • In emergencies (such as anaphylaxis), don’t hesitate – call an emergency vet immediately.
  • Remember, if you can’t get through to the regular vet, our Standard and Premium Sitter Plans include access to a 24/7 vet advice line which you can call at any point during your sit.

How to find a house sit

How it works

Learning how to treat a dog’s allergies can take some trial and error, but with the right canine allergy treatment plan, your pup will be back to their happy, itch-free self in no time!

Meet our veterinary expert, Rebecca

This article has been checked by veterinarian Rebecca MacMillan, BVetMed MRCVS. Rebecca is a companion animal vet who has always had a passion for writing and client communication. Since her graduation from the Royal Veterinary college in 2009 she has gained a wealth of experience in first opinion small animal practice, in both clinical and managerial roles. She currently works in the South West and deals with a variety of routine and emergency appointments, but particularly enjoys medicine cases. Outside of work and writing, she enjoys spending time with her family, including her bouncy flat coated retriever George!

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