The history of Dalmatian fire dogs

Long before the invention of motor vehicles, Dalmatians would run alongside horses to keep them calm whether they were carrying passengers to the countryside or firefighters to the scene of a fire. These loyal dogs were a crucial cog in the fire department’s day-to-day activities, ensuring that the source of power for the carriage - the horses - didn’t lose steam. Read on to find out more about the history of Dalmatian fire dogs, their unique relationship with horses, and the answer to the question “why do fire departments have Dalmatians today?”.

Why are Dalmatians fire dogs?

Nowadays you might associate the breed with the loveable family pups in 101 Dalmatians, but a couple of centuries ago the Dalmatian was known as the quintessential English carriage dog. The Dalmatian’s speed, endurance, and unique relationship with horses made it ideal for accompanying horse-drawn carriages as it soothed the horses and protected the carriage and its passengers from trouble on the road. By the middle of the 18th century the breed evolved from purely a status symbol for the aristocracy to a trusty fireman’s dog.

The role of Dalmatians in firefighting in the 18th century

While many dog breeds have a calming effect on anxious horses, Dalmatians seemed to have a particularly strong bond with their larger companions. The Dalmatian fire dog’s most important job was to make sure that the horses kept their cool when approaching a blaze, protecting them from street dogs and anything else that might distract them from their job. The breed was also particularly easy to “spot,” and would give a loud bark to warn passersby that a fire carriage was approaching (remember, this was before the days of sirens).

Fire dog duties

As well as their role in helping the horses to relax, Dalmatian fire dogs acted as deterrents against robbers who jumped at the opportunity to steal firefighters’ belongings or even a horse or two when no one was looking. Fire dogs would sleep in the stables with horses at night, both to help them relax and protect them from thieves. One of the firehouse dog’s less glamorous duties away from the scene of a fire was acting as a rat catcher back at the station.

The benefits of using Dalmatians as fire dogs

Dalmatians made perfect fire dogs in the 18th century, favored for their loyalty, intelligence, and ability to calm spooked horses. Some say the Dalmatian’s bond with horses stems from their ability to run fast and their stamina for long distances, both of which meant they had no problem keeping up with fire carriages and their horses. They were also known for their loud bark which would let pedestrians know when the fire carriage was coming their way.

Training and care of Dalmatians as fire dogs

One of the biggest reasons why Dalmatians make such great fire dogs is that they are intelligent and easy to train. Dalmatian fire dogs should be trained by a specific handler with whom they will form a special bond, creating the perfect firefighter and Dalmatian duo. They should be socialised from an early age, especially if being introduced into a working environment, and they’ll thrive in situations where they can put their skills to the test. Dalmatian fire dogs should pick up basic commands pretty quickly before moving on to learning skills that are more specific to the job and, as with all energetic dogs, they need lots of physical and mental stimulation in order to stay happy and healthy.

The declining use of Dalmatians as fire dogs

Since the days of horse-drawn carriages are now over, the use of Dalmatians as fire dogs has declined. The invention of motor vehicles and fire trucks meant there was little need for the Dalmatian’s strength and skill as a firefighter dog, but these spotted pups remain a crucial part of fire dog history and are still a symbol of the fire department today. 

Nowadays, Dalmatians serve as mascots in fire stations and morale-boosting companions for firefighters. Some fire departments use Dalmatians to teach children and adults about safety. Take Wilshire the fire dog, for example, who travelled around Southern California capturing the hearts of everyone who met him and educating them on the importance of fire safety. Awarded the 2019 ACE Award for “Exemplary Companion”, Molly the Dalmatian presented the online fire-safety programme “Learning about Fire Safety is Fun” which has been viewed by over 17,000 children. Another special Dalmatian named Twenty became the mascot of the New York City Fire Department in the aftermath of 9/11 and helped boost morale in the fire department as they mourned the loss of seven firefighters. 

We’re sure reading about our furry four-legged firefighters has put a smile on your face, and it might have got you dreaming of spending some time with one of these spotted pups. While your chances of looking after a couple of Dalmatian fire dogs might be slim, at TrustedHousesitters there are canine companions of all breeds (and lots of other pet pals) looking for a staycation buddy. Explore house sits all over the world and be ready to fall head over paws for your newest furry friend!