Common back problems in dogs living their golden years

As dogs age, it’s not uncommon for them to experience back problems. These issues can range from mild discomfort to severe dog back pain that impacts their quality of life. Understanding the common causes of back pain in older dogs can help pet parents and sitters provide the care needed to ensure a comfortable, happy life for their canine companions. In this article, we’ll explore the most frequent back problems in dogs, including how to manage their pain and improve their mobility at home.

Key takeaways:

• Back problems in dogs often worsen as they age, especially in large-breed dogs.
• Conditions like canine spondylosis and intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) are common and can cause significant discomfort.
• Consulting a vet for diagnosis and treatment is essential for managing dog back pain and ensuring a good quality of life.

Common back problems in dogs

Back problems can occur in any dog, but they commonly affect certain breeds and sizes. Large breed dogs, such as German Shepherds, and smaller bulldog breeds such as French Bulldogs, are more prone to back issues as they age, particularly conditions like canine spondylosis and IVDD in dogs. Here are the most frequent back problems seen in older dogs:

Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD)

Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) is a leading cause of back pain in dogs. It occurs when the discs between the vertebrae begin to degenerate, losing their cushioning ability. Intervertebral disc degeneration can lead to a canine herniated disk, where the disc material bulges and presses against the spinal cord, causing pain, weakness, or paralysis.

Breeds prone to IVDD include Dachshunds, German Shepherds, French Bulldogs, and Basset Hounds, though the condition can affect any dog. Symptoms of IVDD in dogs include:

• Signs of pain, such as yelping when touched
• Reluctance to jump or climb stairs
• Weakness in the legs or dragging of the hind limbs
• Loss of bladder or bowel control in severe cases

For mild cases, rest and anti-inflammatory medications can help manage symptoms, while severe cases may require surgery. Keeping your dog at a healthy weight can also alleviate pressure on the spine and slow the progression of intervertebral disc degeneration.

Canine herniated disk

A canine herniated disk is a part of intervertebral disc disease and happens when the discs between the vertebrae bulge or rupture, putting pressure on the spinal cord. This can lead to significant dog back pain and can even cause paralysis if untreated. Herniated discs are one of the common causes of back pain in older dogs, but they can occur suddenly due to trauma in dogs of any age.

Signs of a herniated disc include:

• Sudden onset of back pain
• Dogs may show signs of difficulty walking or standing
• Trembling or sensitivity in the back
• Weight loss due to reduced activity and appetite

Treatment for a canine ruptured disc depends on the severity of the case. Mild cases may be treated with rest and medication, while more severe cases may require surgery to relieve pressure on the dog’s spine.

Canine spondylosis

Canine spondylosis is a degenerative condition that affects the vertebrae of the spine,  resulting in bony growths along the vertebrae. These growths can cause muscle spasms and reduced flexibility, especially in older dogs. While many dogs with spondylosis show no signs of pain, it can lead to stiffness and discomfort in severe cases.

Symptoms of canine spondylosis include:

• Stiffness, particularly after rest
• Difficulty moving or getting up
• Muscle spasms and discomfort in the back

Management of spondylosis involves anti-inflammatory medications, weight control, and physical therapy. Ensuring your dog gets regular but gentle exercise can help maintain their mobility. Many older dogs have spondylosis with no symptoms or problems at all.

How to help your dog with back problems at home

If your dog is suffering from back pain, there are several things you can do at home to improve their comfort and well-being. Here are some practical tips for managing back problems in dogs:

Create a comfortable resting space

Provide your dog with a supportive bed that eases pressure on their spine and joints. Orthopedic dog beds are an excellent choice for dogs including those with back problems like canine spondylosis and IVDD.

Looking for more tips on how to make the perfect comfy space for your aging furry friend? Join our Community Forum and seek advice from fellow dog parents. And remember, always speak to your usual vet for the most accurate advice suited to your individual pet, as no two elderly dogs are the same.

Gentle exercise

While rest is crucial during flare-ups, keeping your dog active with light exercise helps maintain muscle mass and prevent stiffness. Avoid strenuous activities that could aggravate the condition, such as jumping or running upstairs. Gentle exercise should always be controlled on a leash only.

Weight management

Carrying extra weight puts more strain on your dog's back, exacerbating issues like intervertebral disc degeneration. Feeding your dog a balanced diet and ensuring they get appropriate exercise can help maintain a healthy weight and reduce the impact on their intervertebral discs, which can lessen the chance of other issues too - for example, a prolapsed disc in dogs is less common in dogs that are a healthy weight.

Consult your vet regularly

Regular vet visits are essential for managing your dog’s condition. A vet can provide pain relief through anti-inflammatory medications and other supplements for older dogs to improve your dog’s quality of life. They can also guide you on other therapies such as physiotherapy, hydrotherapy, and acupuncture that may be suitable to improve your pet’s quality of life. For extra support and peace of mind, TrustedHousesitters members can contact our 24/7 Vet Advice Line.

When to take your dog to the vet

If your dog displays any of the following symptoms, it’s important to seek veterinary attention:

• Sudden onset of pain in dogs or difficulty walking
• Paralysis or dragging of the legs
• Inability to control bladder or bowel movements
• Signs of extreme distress, such as whining or trembling

Spinal trauma can worsen quickly without treatment, so early intervention is key. Depending on the condition, your vet may recommend surgery, physical therapy, or medications to alleviate your dog's discomfort.

By understanding common back problems in dogs and knowing how to care for them at home, you can help your senior dog remain comfortable and happy in their golden years. 

Meet our veterinary expert, Holly

This article has been checked by veterinarian Holly Anne Hills BVM BVS BVMedSci. After graduating from the University of Nottingham, Holly spent two years working as a farm animal vet. She then spent some time traveling and volunteering in India, working at neutering clinics and with injured street dogs. Holly now works in small animal practice, and balances this with writing, volunteering with the comms team at Vet Sustain, and she is also a marine mammal medic!

Taking a trip soon? Finding a caring in-home dog sitter will ensure your senior furry friend gets the love and care they need while you’re away.